Abstract: The basic research on tuberculosis carry out around all aspects of the struggle between the human body and M. tuberculosis, from the genomic DNA to the transcriptome RNA, from the protein expressed to the metabolites, and then to the pathogenic role of M. tuberculosis on human body and the immune response produced by human body. Try to find out the intervention measures and control methods on tuberculosis. The research content is very rich. Owing to the limited space, this paper attempts to describe the main researches and their important progresses in bacteriology, immunology, molecular biology, vaccine, and new anti-tuberculosis drug in China, and also tries to point out the research prospect and existing problems.

Key words: Tuberculosis/genetics, Tuberculosis/immunology, Bacteriological techniques, Vaccines